Table 1 Clinical, demographic and echocardiographic characteristics split by aetiology of mitral regurgitation
All (n = 388) | ASMR (n = 37) | VSMR (n = 113) | Primary MR (n = 193) | Other MR (n = 45) | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Demographics | ||||||
Age (years) | 75 (65–83) | 82 (74–87) | 76 (66–82.5) | 75 (65–82) | 69 (49.5–78) | < 0.001 |
Female sex [n(%)] | 197 (50.8) | (25 (67.6) | 55 (48.7) | 86 (44.6) | 31 (68.9) | 0.004 |
Past medical history | ||||||
AF [n(%)] | 200 (44.4) | 31 (83.8) | 54 (48.2) | 95 (49.5) | 20 (44.4) | 0.001 |
Hypertension [n(%)] | 114 (29.6) | 15 (40.5) | 34 (30.6) | 53 (27.6) | 12 (26.7) | 0.43 |
IHD [n(%)] | 138 (35.8) | 16 (43.2) | 66 (59.5) | 51 (26.6) | 5 (11.1) | < 0.001 |
Diabetes [n(%)] | 49 (12.7) | 4 (10.8) | 17 (15.3) | 20 (10.4) | 8 (17.8) | 0.43 |
Stroke/TIA [n(%)] | 47 (12.2) | 5 (13.5) | 14 (12.6) | 25 (13.0) | 3 (6.7) | 0.69 |
Left ventricle | ||||||
LVEDd (mm) | 53.0 ± 9.1 | 48.0 ± 8.9 | 57.6 ± 9.0 | 52.1 ± 8.2 | 49.3 ± 1.3 | < 0.001 |
LVESd (mm) | 38.0 ± 11.0 | 33.1 ± 7.6 | 46.8 ± 11.5 | 35.1 ± 8.6 | 32.2 ± 8.2 | < 0.001 |
LVEDV (ml) | 136 (102.8–183) | 95.5 (67.8–112.8) | 158 (124–205) | 136 (104–182.8) | 123 (100–142) | < 0.001 |
LVESV (ml) | 59 (40.8–90) | 36.5 (23.3–45.8) | 102 (72–140) | 53.5 (39–77) | 52 (36–69.5) | < 0.001 |
LVEF (%) | 52.8 ± 15.9 | 62.3 ± 7.6 | 37.6 ± 14.9 | 58.7 ± 11.9 | 57.9 ± 11.7 | < 0.001 |
Left atrium | ||||||
LA diameter (mm) | 46 (41–52) | 47 (42–53) | 47 (41.3–50.8) | 47 (41–52) | 45 (41–51) | 0.82 |
LA volume (ml) | 89 (69–89) | 89 (74–138) | 88 (69.5–115) | 90 (67–131) | 92.5 (68–117.8) | 0.77 |
Valvular dysfunction | ||||||
MR severity 4 + [n(%)] | 262 (67.5) | 22 (59.5) | 66 (58.4) | 145 (75.1) | 29 (64.4) | 0.014 |
MA diameter A2c (cm) | 34.9 ± 6.3 | 34.2 ± 5.5 | 36.3 ± 6.4 | 34.8 ± 6.4 | 32.5 ± 5.8 | 0.006 |
MA diameter A3c (cm) | 32.7 ± 6.2 | 34.1 ± 6.5 | 34.2 ± 6.1 | 32.0 ± 5.8 | 31.0 ± 6.9 | 0.003 |
MA diameter A4c | 35.5 ± 6.3 | 35.4 ± 7.3 | 36.4 ± 5.8 | 35.3 ± 6.3 | 34.1 ± 6.8 | 0.20 |
MA diameter A3c/A2c ratio | 0.95 (0.83–1.06) | 1.01 (0.89–1.10) | 0.95 (0.85–1.07) | 0.94 (0.80–1.06) | 0.96 (0.80–1.07) | 0.19 |
MAA (cm2) | 9.1 ± 3.0 | 9.0 ± 3.5 | 9.9 ± 3.1 | 8.8 ± 2.8 | 8.1 ± 2.9 | 0.002 |
Moderate/severe TR [n(%)] | 152 (39.2) | 26 (70.3) | 52 (46.0) | 59 (30.9) | 15 (33.3) | < 0.001 |
Moderate/severe AS [n(%)] | 44 (11.3) | 0 (0) | 18 (15.9) | 21 (10.9) | 5 (11.1) | 0.067 |
Moderate/severe AR [n(%)] | 42 (10.8) | 2 (5.7) | 9 (8.3) | 20 (10.4) | 11 (25.0) | 0.014 |
Right heart | ||||||
PASP (mmHg) | 52.2 ± 17.3 | 56.7 ± 14.5 | 52.4 ± 14.1 | 50.9 ± 18.0 | 53.0 ± 24.1 | 0.47 |