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Table 2 Univariate regression analysis of all-cause mortality and hospitalisation with worsening heart failure

From: Atrial secondary mitral regurgitation: prevalence, characteristics, management, and long-term outcomes

Variable

All patients

ASMR

VSMR

Hazard ratio (95% CI)

p-value

Hazard ratio (95% CI)

p-value

Hazard ratio (95% CI)

p-value

Age (per year)

1.05 (1.04–1.07)

 < 0.001

1.07 (1.02–1.12)

0.005

1.04 (1.02–1.06)

 < 0.001

Male sex

0.99 (0.77–1.26)

0.92

0.73 (0.33–1.61)

0.43

1.04 (0.67–1.58)

0.84

AF

1.42 (1.10–1.82)

0.006

2.12 (0.64–7.04)

0.22

1.09 (0.72–1.66)

0.67

Hypertension

0.85 (0.65–1.12)

0.25

0.52 (0.24–1.15)

0.11

0.87 (0.55–1.37)

0.54

IHD

2.00 (1.56–2.57)

 < 0.001

2.38 (1.13–5.03)

0.023

1.51 (0.98–2.33)

0.063

Diabetes

1.36 (0.96–1.94)

0.087

2.07 (0.71–6.03)

0.18

0.94 (0.52–1.73)

0.84

Stroke/TIA

1.34 (0.95–1.89)

0.099

2.81 (1.02–7.72)

0.046

1.06 (0.58–1.95)

0.86

LVEDd (per mm)

0.99 (0.98–1.01)

0.43

0.97 (0.93–1.02)

0.21

0.98 (0.96–1.00)

0.11

LVESd (per mm)

1.01 (1.00–1.02)

0.081

0.99 (0.94–1.04)

0.70

0.99 (0.97–1.01)

0.32

LVEDV (per tenfold increase)

0.51 (0.25–1.05)

0.067

0.13 (0.008–2.22)

0.16

0.51 (0.16–1.65)

0.26

LVESV (per tenfold increase)

1.48 (0.92–2.39)

0.11

1.09 (0.16–7.41)

0.93

0.78 (0.34–1.75)

0.54

LVEF (per %)

0.98 (0.98–0.99)

 < 0.001

0.95 (0.90–1.01)

0.091

1.00 (0.98–1.01)

0.76

LA diameter (per tenfold increase)

6.05 (1.40–26.1)

0.016

7.10 (0.33–153.5)

0.21

4.00 (0.26–62.8)

0.32

LA volume (per tenfold increase)

1.90 (1.08–3.32)

0.025

2.21 (0.44–11.2)

0.34

1.48 (0.51–4.26)

0.47

MR severity 4 + 

0.98 (0.75–1.27)

0.87

1.12 (0.53–2.35)

0.77

0.78 (0.51–1.18)

0.24

MAA (per cm2)

1.01 (0.97–1.06)

0.60

0.96 (0.85–1.09)

0.54

1.02 (0.96–1.09)

0.49

Moderate/severe TR

2.14 (1.67–2.75)

 < 0.001

1.68 (0.74–3.82)

0.21

0.18 (0.78–1.78)

0.44

Moderate/severe AS

1.85 (1.31–2.61)

0.001

–

–

1.86 (1.08–3.18)

0.025

Moderate/severe AR

1.32 (0.91–1.93)

0.14

1.74 (0.40–7.54)

0.46

1.58 (0.76–3.27)

0.22

RVSP (per tenfold increase)

5.17 (2.42–11.0)

 < 0.001

2.06 (0.16–26.5)

0.58

6.69 (1.41–31.8)

0.017

PASP (per mmHg)

1.01 (1.01–1.02)

0.001

1.01 (0.98–1.04)

0.61

1.01 (1.00–1.03)

0.14

  1. Bold values indicate p value < 0.05
  2. ASMR atrial functional mitral regurgitation, VSMR ventricular functional mitral regurgitation, AF atrial fibrillation, IHD ischaemic heart disease, TIA transient ischaemic attack, LVEDd left ventricular end-diastolic diameter, LVESd left ventricular end-systolic diameter, LVEDV left ventricular end-diastolic volume, LVESV left ventricular end-systolic volume, LVEF left ventricular ejection fraction, LA left atrium, MR mitral regurgitation, MAA mitral annulus area, TR tricuspid regurgitation, AS aortic stenosis, AR aortic regurgitation, RVSP right ventricular systolic pressure, PASP pulmonary artery systolic pressure
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Echo Research & Practice

ISSN: 2055-0464

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