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Table 1 Baseline characteristics

From: Effect of maximum exercise on left ventricular deformation and its correlation with cardiopulmonary exercise capacity in competitive athletes

Mean values ± SD

Handball players

(Semi-recumbent ergometer)

Football players

(Treadmill)

At rest

After CPET

P value

At rest

After CPET

P value

Age (year)

25.2 ± 3.5

–

 

22.1 ± 4.7

–

 

Sex (% of male)

13 (100)

–

 

19 (100%)

–

 

Weight (kg)

98.4 ± 8.2

–

–

79.1 ± 10.6

–

–

Height (cm)

193.3 ± 7.5

–

–

181.5 ± 7.8

–

–

BSA (m2)

2.3 ± 0.1

–

–

1.99 ± 0.17

–

–

BMI (kg/m2)

26.3 ± 1.7

–

–

23.9 ± 2.0

–

–

BPs (mmHg)

126.0 ± 10.5

152.6 ± 14.0

< 0.001*

133.8 ± 11.1

149.0 ± 14.7

< 0.001*

BPd (mmHg)

80.8 ± 7.3

65.5 ± 9.7

< 0.001*

82.2 ± 7.7

78.0 ± 10.2

0.090

HR (bpm)

68 ± 9

91 ± 13

< 0.001*

64 ± 12

91 ± 14

< 0.001*

  1. *Statistically significant (p < 0.05). SD: standard deviation; BSA: body surface area; BMI: body mass index; BPs: systolic blood pressure; BPd: diastolic blood pressure; HR: heart rate; CPET: cardiopulmonary exercise testing