Table 2 Abnormalities found during screening and subsequent cardiac MRI in the 11 individuals diagnosed with HCM.
From: Implementing a clinical scientist-led screening clinic for hypertrophic and dilated cardiomyopathies
Proband diagnosis | Age | Gender | Ethnicity | ECG abnormality | Echo abnormality | Cardiac MRI |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
HCM | 23 | F | Afro-Caribbean | LVH, widespread T-wave inversion | IVS 18Â mm, SAM, LVOTO | Under Cardiology Follow up elsewhere |
HCM | 30 | M | White | LVH, Deep T-wave inversion V1-V2 | IVS 13 mm | Mildly dilated left ventricle with mildly impaired global LV systolic function at rest (LVEF 51%). Eccentric hypertrophy with increased indexed LV mass. Small crypts in the inferior LV wall |
HCM | 77 | M | White | Nil | IVS 14Â mm | Normal LV end-diastolic volume and systolic function (LVEF 58%). Increased asymmetric septal LVH (15Â mm in the basal anteroseptum). Prominent insertion point fibrosis with less dense basal-to-mid septal fibrosis and further focus of mid-wall fibrosis in the basal inferoseptum |
HCM (apical) | 50 | M | Asian | Nil | Suboptimal echo images with apex not clearly visualised | Normal indexed LV end-diastolic volume with hyperdynamic function (LVEF 75%). LVH of 12 mm in septum and increased index LV mass. Apical cavity obliteration during systole with apically displaced papillary muscles |
HCM | 54 | M | White | Frequent ectopy | Dilated LV cavity with severely impaired function (LVEF 21%) | Patient under local cardiology follow-up |
HCM | 44 | M | Asian | Nil | Reduced GLS − 13% | Normal indexed LV end-diastolic volume and function (LVEF 66%). Mild asymmetric septal LVH of 13–14 mm in the basal-to-mid septum |
HCM | 41 | M | Asian | Nil | Reduced GLS − 11% | Normal indexed LV end-diastolic volume, function (LVEF 59%), and wall thickness but subtle findings including abnormal septal convexity and a single inferior wall crypt |
HCM | 30 | M | Asian | T-wave inversion in leads III and aVF | Nil | Normal indexed LV end-diastolic volume and systolic function (LVEF 57%), but with prominent apical trabeculation and apically displaced papillary muscles, elongation of the anterior mitral valve leaflet and insertion point fibrosis. No overt LVH. |
HCM | 48 | M | Afro-Caribbean | High take off V1-V4 | IVS 14Â mm | Normal indexed LV end-diastolic volume and systolic function (LVEF 58%). Increased LV wall thickness of 12Â mm. Inferior wall crypt and elongated anterior mitral valve leaflet. |
HCM | 77 | F | Afro-Caribbean | T-wave inversion in leads I, aVL | IVS 16 mm | Normal indexed LV end-diastolic volume and systolic function (LVEF 58%). and systolic function (LVEF 62%). Asymmetric septal LVH with maximal wall thickness of 16–17 mm in the basal anterior wall, partial chordal SAM, and apical displacement of hypertrophied papillary muscles. |
HCM | 52 | M | White | Flattened T-waves V4-V5 | Suspicion of apical hypertrophy | Normal indexed LV end-diastolic volume and wall thickness with mildly impaired systolic function (EF 51%). Accessory antero-apical papillary muscle, small crypt in the inferior wall, and sub-epicardial / mid-wall fibrosis of the basal anterolateral wall and entire inferolateral and inferior walls. |